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9/27/2022 0 Comments

Stereoscope

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This odd contraption that looks like something you may find in an eye doctors office is called a stereoscope. It is the predecessor of the ever popular viewmaster. 
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Charles Wheatstone FRS
The stereoscope allows you to view an image on a cardstock slide in 3D.

The original stereoscope was invented in 1838 by Charles Wheatstone FRS.

(Don’t worry I looked it up for you, FRS means Fellow of the Royal Society which is “a self-governing Fellowship made up of the most eminent scientist, engineers and technologies from the UK and the Commonwealth'' and began in the 1660’s according to the Royal Society website.
https://royalsociety.org/fellows/)

He created this device to explore the science of binocular vision, but it became a device for entertainment
and could be found in most middle class homes in the 1900’s. This was one of the first ways for people to experience the world without leaving their home and was enjoyed prior to radio and television. (1)


 There were four types of stereoscopes invented. Of course the World’s Fair was where this invention was originally presented in 1851 at the Crystal Palace Exhibition. Queen Victoria was particularly interested. (2)
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Wheatstone Stereoscope
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Brewster Stereoscope
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Multiple view stereoscope
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World Fair 1851 at Crystal Palace
 
The stereoscope that I have here is a “Holmes stereoscope.” Oliver Wendell Holmes wanted the stereoscope to be accessible to anyone so he created a less complex, more lightweight design in 1861 and chose not to patent it.
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Oliver Wendell Holmes
 
By not patenting it, he allowed others to recreate his invention and make it affordable to middle class Americans. (3) This type of stereoscope was in production until 1939. (4)


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Stereographs

​Stereographs are the cards used in the stereoscope. When the stereoscope was first invented, users had to create their own drawings. (5)  But lucky for them, in the 1850s, stereographs were made. These images portrayed people’s lives, places and events from around the world, as well as art. Some of the more popular subjects were images of war, native americans, famous landmarks, and factory “tours”. (6)  Both amateur and professional photographers began making stereographs. One of the first American photographic firms to make them were William and Frederick Langenheim. Stereographs were particularly popular from the 1880s to 1910s with an estimated 3 million produced between 1854 and 1920. (7)
So how could you get these entertaining stereographs in the late 1800’s/early 1900’s? While they were in stores like general stores and drug stores, you could also order them by mail or just wait for your friendly door-to-door salesman to stop by and sell them to you! Occasionally, they were given away as prizes by cereal and tea companies. They were sold as individual slides or as box sets. They were typically 6 for $1 (about 17¢each), however there were some that were geared toward the working class and they were 3¢a piece or sets of 100 for 85¢. (8)
The Keystone View Company began encroaching on the education front and stereographs were used as a teaching tool in many public schools. In particular the sets of “Tours of the World” and “Underwood Travel System” were used to give students a glimpse of the world. (9)
The Library of Congress has around 52,000 stereographs cataloged. They are available on site for researchers with many also now available online.  These stereographs are a great glimpse into the history of people and places around the world. (10)​
Library of Congress Stereograph Cards
In my collection (which can be yours), you can see the “Views of the World” in the following slides.
1. Spain, Interior of Alhambra, Granada
-missing- 2. Entrance Hall, Grand Opera House, Paris
3. Palm Avenue, Jardin D'Essai, Algiers
4. Church of The Nativity, Bethlehem
5. Garfield Memorial, Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, O.
6. A Mammoth Live Oak Tree, Florida
7. St. Anthony Falls, Minneapolis, Minn.
8. Palace Royal, Place Royale, Berlin
9. Ft. Snelling, near Minneapolis, Minn.
10. Minnehaha Falls, ("Summer.") Minn.
11. Castle From Market, Edinburgh, Scotland
12. The Mormons Pride, Salt Lake City, Utah
13. U.S. Capital, North-east view, Washington, D.C.
14. Grant Monument Lincoln Park, Chicago
15> Feeding the Pigeons, Plaza San Marco, Venice Italy
16. Union StockYards Chicago
17. Minerva Terrace. Yellowstone Park
18. Canal above the Railroad Bridge, Yokohama, Japan
19. Gardens, Asakusa Park, Tokyo Japan
20. The Colosseo Across Ruins of Palais de Cesari, Rome Italy
21. Senate Chamber, U.S. Capitol Washington D.C. U.S.A.
22. Kass An Village, Alaska
23. The Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem
24. Falls From Prospect Park, Niagara
25. Soldier's Home "Mustered Out", Philadelphia
26. St. Peter's Vatican and Arcade, Rome, Italy
27. Petrofski Imperial Palace, Moscow, Russia
28. The Sphinx, Pyramid and Kneeling Camel, Cairo, Egypt
29. Queen of the North-Stockholm from the Skies-Sweden
30. The Alemeda of Very Cruz, Mexico
31. Sacrificial Stone in Court of the Museum, City of Mexico
32. Cathedral of Mexico
33. Castle Garden and Liberty Statue, New York City U.S.
34. Falls of Bridal Veil, Yosemite Cal.
35. Grand Falls, Yellowstone River from Point Look-out
36. The Coming Storm, Lake Erie
37. High Bridge in Loop at Georgetown, Colo.
38. Mountain of the Holy Cross, Colo.
39. Pikes Peak and Gateway to Garden of the Gods, Colo.
40. Charles Bridge Prague
41. Cliff House San Francisco
42. Levee Scene on Lower Mississippi River
43. Entrance to Emperor's Palace Berlin
44. The great Brooklyn Bridge
45. The White House-West Front
46. George Square, Glasgow, Scotland
47. Tower of London, White Tower From South East
48. The Eiffel Tower, Paris
49. Garden of Gethsemane, Jerusalem
50. Cathedral of Cologne
In addition:
132. Des Champs Elysees, Paris, France (World Series)
851. Stavanger Market, Norway
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Using the Library of Congress, as an example, I looked up two of the cards and was able to find information about
3. Palm Avenue, Jardin D'Essai, Algiers
  • Title: Mediterranean luxuriance - Palm Avenue in the Jardin d'Essai, Algiers, Algeria
  • Creator(s): Keystone View Company.,
  • Date Created/Published: Meadville, Pa. ; New York, N.Y. ; Chicago, Ill. ; London, England : Keystone View Company, Manufacturers and Publishers, [1925]
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And the image used for the stereograph
5. Garfield Memorial, Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, O.


Title: Garfield Memorial, Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, O.
Date Created/Published: Chicago : [publisher not transcribed], 1891.
This same set of Stereographs (no stereoscope) are currently listed on Etsy for $250! (11)

Buy mine here:

(prices differ based on seller fees.)
  • ​www.facebook.com/marketplace/item/898475434448109
  • poshmark.com/listing/Holmes-Stereoscope-with-51-Stereograph-Cards-from-late-1800s-63339c229376e5ac2359321e
  • www.mercari.com/us/item/m30050454629/
  • www.ebay.com/itm/234711861830
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9/13/2022 0 Comments

Fisher Price Castle

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Fisher-Price Castle first appeared in 1974 and was brought back 14 years later in 1988 with only minor differences. It is the heaviest of all the original Fisher-Price sets and the most expensive to produce. (1)
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This set is model number 933 which appears on the castle. The biggest difference between the 1974 and 1988 version is the banner on the right tower.
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The original castle has pink banner that says “Play Family Castle.”
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The 1988 castle has a pink banner with a pink dragon.
A few other differences were in the characters, the 1974 little people had wood bodies and plastic heads while the 1988 people were all plastic. 
Unlike other sets, almost all of the accessories are exclusive to this set except the horses. The castle is made of plastic, cardboard and lithographic labels. (2)
It came with the following accessories:

  • Pink dragon
  • 2 horses, brown with a black mane and black with a white mane
  • King and queen (purple bodies, yellow crowns)
  • Prince and princess (blue bodies, yellow crowns)
  • Knight, plastic in both versions, silver body and helmet
  • Woodsman with feather engraved in his hat. He featured a star like collar in the 1974 version and a scarf and in the 1988 version. 
  • Carriage (yellow and white) with horse yoke (yellow)
  • Horse Blanket that holds rider (white)
  • Table with sticker food and 4 chairs (red in 1974, yellow in 1988)
  • One bed for two people (yellow with red sticker blanket in 1974, red in 1988)
  • Two single beds (yellow with red sticker blanket in 1974, red in 1988)

The castle itself has:

  • Trap door
  • Drawbridge
  • Sliding stars
  • Flag on a spring (only in the 1974 version)
  • Dragon’s lair
  • Dungeon

The lithographs have lots of fun pictures including mice, vines and flowers going up the tower, dogs and puppies, owl, turtle and some eyes peeking out of a door, and lots more!

According to Antique Mall it is the second rarest Fisher-Price play set and goes for about $299 complete with box.
The complete set has recently sold (Sept 2022) for $220 including shipping and the castle only has sold for $60-$70 including shipping.  (3)​

Want to learn more about Fisher-Price items? There is a club!
Fisher price collector’s club: https://www.fpclub.org/index.html
I am selling mine here! Choose your favorite vendor: 
(prices differ based on seller fees.)
Castle only:
SOLD


Queen only:
SOLD

​ Pay only $45 for the castle and $10 for the queen and avoid shipping and fees. Check out where I'll be here 
​(If it doesn't sell before then)
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Fisher-Price

Fisher-Price has an interesting history. It was started in 1930 by four people, Irving Price and his wife Margaret Evans-Price, Herman Fisher and Helen Schelle. Fisher-Price has created over 5,000 different toys since it’s beginning. ​(4)
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Irving Price was born in Worcester, Massachusetts September 21, 1884 and was an executive at Woolworth. He retired at an early age anc became mayor of East Auora, New York. He took an interest in Herman Fisher’s enterprise and invested $100,000. He died November 23, 1976 at the age of 92. (5)
Margaret Evans Price and Irving Price married on February 23, 1909. She was born March 20, 1888. She came from a wealthy New York family. At the age of 12 she sold her first illustrated story to the Boston Journal. She continued her art in both her education and career, graduating from Massachuetts Normal Art School and Boston Academy of Fine Arts. ​
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She is the illustrator and author of numerous books. Her book characters became the inspiration for early Fisher-Price toys. She died on November 20, 1973, just three years prior to her husband almost to the day, at the age of 85. (6)
​You can view her works here:
  • https://www.brwnpaperbag.com/2017/04/13/tbt-margaret-evans-price/
  • https://theauroratheatre.com/about/margaret-evans-price-mural/
  • https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/410153.Margaret_Evans_Price
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Herman Fisher was born in Unionville, Pennsylvania on November 2, 1898. He served in the ROTC and graduated from Pennsylvannia State University. He worked for a company called All Fair, Inc. that produced toys, games and playing cards. After his offer to buy this company out was rejected, he set out to start his own. He died on September 26, 1975 at the age of 76. (7)
Helen M. Shelle was the completion of this quartet and unfortunately, her namesake was not included in the enterprise. She was born in Piqua, Ohio on January 14, 1893. As an adult she moved to New and founded Penny Walker Toy Shop. She partnered with Herman Fisher and Irving Price to found Fisher-Price. She died on April 12, 1984 at the age of 91. (8)
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Insterstingly, Fisher-Price was started during the Great Depression, so while money was tight they persevered. They introduced their company They didn’t make a profit until 1936, 6 years after they began the company. The profit was $3,000 which all went to the employees at the time. (9)
Margaret and Helen worked together to design many of the company’s early toys.  The toys were made primarily from steel, ponderosa pine and lithographic labels. Their first toy was Dr. Doodle, a pull-toy duck, in 1931. He was brought, along with 15 other toys to American International Toy Fair in New York City.  The toy that finally turned them into profitable business Snoopy Sniffer in 1938. It wasn’t until the 1960’s that the “little people” were introduced. (10)

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Dr. Doodle
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Snoopy Sniffer
In researching about the beginnings of Fisher-Price, I found out that I am related to both Irving Price and Herman Fisher through two different lineages! They are both my 6th cousin 3 times removed. (11)
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